Mmaraka oa lefats'e oa micromobility o ntse o le maemong a phetoho e kholo, 'me likariki tsa kolofo li hlaha e le tharollo e ts'episang bakeng sa ho nka maeto litoropong hole. Sengoliloeng sena se lekola ts'ebetso ea likariki tsa kolofo joalo ka sesebelisoa sa lipalangoang tsa litoropo 'marakeng oa machabeng, se nka monyetla oa kholo e potlakileng ea tlhoko ea lefats'e (thekiso ea 'maraka oa lefats'e e se e fihlile ho li-unit tse ka bang 215,000 ka 2024, e holimo haholo ho feta likarolo tse ka bang 45,000 ka 2020) le mokhoa oa ho tsofala ha baahi (palo ea batho ba lefats'e ka bophara ba ka holimo ho limilione tse 62, haholo-holo Europe lilemong tse 62. Amerika Leboea le likarolo tsa Asia).
1. Tlhahlobo ea Tlhokahalo ea Maraka
A. Likhokahano tsa "Last Mile" Metseng ea Bophirimela
- Metse ea batho ba tlohelang mosebetsi: Mohlala, *The Villages* e Florida, USA, e sebelisitse likariki tsa kolofo haholo joalo ka sepalangoang. Likoloi tsa kolofo ke mokhoa o ratoang oa lipalangoang ho baahi ba metseng ena ka lebaka la lebelo le tlase, polokeho le theko e tlase.
- Lipalangoang tsa Bohahlauli le tsa khamphaseng: Libaka tse ngata tsa phomolo (joalo ka Sun City e Arizona) le liunivesithi (tse kang Univesithi ea California, San Diego) li sebelisitse likariki tsa kolofo bakeng sa lipalangoang tsa kahare le thepa. Tloaelo ena e bonts'a tlhokahalo e ntseng e eketseha ea likoloi tse kopaneng, tse se nang mosi, ebile e fetoha mokhoa.
B. Menyetla e tsamaisoang ke leano
- Phomolo ea taolo: Texas le Florida, mmuso o atolositse ts'ebeliso ea likoloi tse lebelo le tlase (LSVs) joalo ka likariki tsa kolofo, ho li lumella ho tsamaea litseleng ka lebelo la 35 mph, ho theha tikoloho e ntle bakeng sa ho ata ha likoloi tsena.
- Litšusumetso tsa likoloi tsa motlakase: EU Green Deal le melaoana ea California ea likoloi tse sa siseng mosi li tsamaisana le litšobotsi tsa tikoloho tsa likariki tsa kolofo, e potlakisang ts'ebeliso ea likariki tsa kolofo lipalangoang tsa litoropo.
2. Lintlafatso tsa Tšireletseho le Tumellano
- Likarolo tse ntlafalitsoeng tsa polokeho: E le ho ikamahanya le litlhoko tsa sephethephethe sa litoropong, likariki tse ngata tsa kolofo li na le meralo e kopaneng ea polokeho joalo ka mabone a LED, mabanta a litulo le liforeimi tse matlafalitsoeng, tse fihlelang maemo a FMVSS 500 mme li ka sireletsa polokeho ea bakhanni le bapalami hamolemo.
- Nts'etsopele ea betri: Ntlafatso e tsoelang pele ea theknoloji ea lithium betri e ntlafalitse haholo mefuta ea likariki tsa kolofo, tse ka ts'ehetsang ho khanna lik'hilomithara tse 50-70 ka tefiso e ngoe le e ngoe, le ho ts'ehetsa betri ea boikhethelo e kholoanyane, ho fokotsa "matšoenyeho a fapaneng" a basebelisi.
3. Thuto-pale: Likoloi Tsa Kolofo Tse Lokiselitsoeng Litoropo Tsa Europe
A. Moralo oa Litoropo o Kopanetsoeng
- Kaho e Ncha ea Seterata se Narrow: Barcelona, Spain, ho ile ha sebelisoa teko ea likariki tse nyane tsa kolofo tse bophara ba limithara tse 1.2 ho kena le ho tsoa seterekeng sa nalane, ho fokotsa haholo bothata ba tšubuhlellano ea sephethephethe.
- Freight Version: Khamphani ea thepa ea Netherlands e sebelisa kariki ea kolofo ea thepa e ikhethileng bakeng sa phano ea "limithara tse 500 tsa ho qetela", e fokotsa ts'ebeliso ea literaka tsa diesel ka 40%, e boloka matla le ho fokotsa mesi, le ho ntlafatsa melemo ea tikoloho.
B. Mohlala oa ho ngolisa
K'hamphani e hirisang likoloi London e ile ea thakhola ts'ebeletso ea ho hira likariki tsa kolofo ka hora libakeng tse nang le mosi o tlase, haholo-holo bakeng sa bahahlauli le bapalami mona, e fana ka likhetho tse bonolo le tse tala bakeng sa lipalangoang tsa litoropo, tse ntlafatsang haholo lerata le tšilafalo sebakeng seo.
4. Forecast Bokamoso
Litsi tse ling li bolela esale pele hore ka 2030, 'maraka oa lefats'e oa lipalangoang tse nyane o lebelletsoe ho fihla ho US $500 bilione,' me likariki tsa kolofo li tla nka karolo ea 15% ea karolo ea mmaraka metseng eo ea litoropo le batho ba pensheneng.
Qetello
Likoloi tsa kolofo li na le bokamoso bo ts'episang kantle ho lebala la kolofo, li fana ka tharollo e sebetsang ea lipalangoang bakeng sa litoropo tse tobaneng le batho ba tsofetseng le litlhoko tsa tikoloho. Ho holisa bokhoni bona, bahlahisi ba tlameha ho tsepamisa maikutlo ho tsamaellana le taolo, tlhahiso ea lehae, le ho kopanya mekhoa e bohlale.
Baetsi ba ka qala ka merero ea liteko metseng ea batho ba tlohetseng mosebetsi le litsing tsa bahahlauli, 'me ba sebetse le sethala sa lehae sa ho arolelana likoloi ho sebelisa menyetla ena ho eketsa ts'ebeliso ea likariki tsa kolofo lipalangoang tsa litoropo.
Nako ea poso: Feb-27-2025
